Body composition and somatotype of professional male soccer players of the Ñublense SADP sports club

Abstract

The aim of this study was to determine the body composition and somatotype of male professional soccer players belonging to the first division of the national association of professional soccer of Chile classified by their position on the field. SAMPLE: Thirty (n=30) male professional soccer players with a mean age of 25.5 ± 5.2 years, a mean weight of 74.9 ± 6.7 kg and a mean height of 175.6 ± 5.3 cm participated. Divided by their position on the field of play into goalkeepers (ARQ), defenders (DEF), defensive midfield (MED DEF), offensive midfield (MED OF) and forwards (DEL). Methodology: The valuation of body composition was used the formula of Ross and Kerr (1991), with fractionation in 5 components Fat Mass (GM); Muscle Mass (MM), Bone Mass (BM), Residual Mass (RM) and Skin Mass (SM)) and for the calculation of somatotype the formula of Heath and Carter (1990) was used, determining the Endomorphic, Mesomorphic and Ectomorphic components that make up the somatotype, following the recommendations of the International Society of Kineanthropometry (ISAK). Results: Regarding body composition, we obtained values in % of MA 20.12% - MM 50.12% - MO - 11.51% - MR - 12.95% - MP 5.28%. As for the Somatotype a mean Somatotype of (2,3 - 4,5 - 1,8) was obtained and its classification is balanced Mesomorph. Conclusions: The studied group (n=30) presented the characteristic in its mean of balanced Mesomorphism (2,3 - 4,5 - 1,8), assuming the normal intergroup tendency, characterizing only the defensive midfield position (MEDDEF) who presented meso - endomorphism (3,0 - 5,5 - 1,3), with respect to goalkeepers (2,2 - 3,9 - 2,2); defenders (1.9 - 4.8 - 1.7); offensive midfielders (2.5 - 4.6 - 2.0) and forwards (2.0 - 3.9 - 2.2) who presented balanced mesomorphism. In terms of body composition, a mean of MA=20.12% - MM=50.12% - MO=11.51% - MR=12.95% - MP=5.28% was obtained for each measured parameter; characteristic differences were found for each playing position above the mean in MEDOF, MA=21.17%; DEF, MM=51.39%, MO=12.21%; MEDDEF, MR=13.98%; and DEL, MP=5.45%. Information that helps to understand the somatotypological characterization of each playing position.